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Fig. 3 | Microplastics and Nanoplastics

Fig. 3

From: Smokers’ behaviour and the toxicity of cigarette filters to aquatic life: a multidisciplinary study

Fig. 3

Immobility of first instar larvae following 48-h exposure experiments. Immobility is presented as the percent immobility in a replicate (n = 5) for all exposure groups (a = 11, N = 55) within the unwashed fibre experiment (A), leachate experiment (B) and washed fibre experiment (C). The washed fibre experiment had an unbalanced design (a = 11, n1 ≠ nx, N = 50) due to five missing observations. The boxes display the 25%- and 75%-quartile, dark lines the median, and the whiskers extend to one and a half times the interquartile range. White circles represent outliers. The asterisks indicate evidence for increased immobility in the treatment groups compared to the control with p < 0.05 for (*), p < 0.01 for (**), p < 0.001 for (***), based on Dunnett test results

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