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Table 1 Use of scientific evidence in preparatory work of key policy initiatives targeting plastic pollution according to the principles of European Union’s Communication on ‘Better Regulation’ for evidence-informed policy. + : Preparatory work based on scientific evidence; -: Preparatory work not based on scientific evidence; ± : Preparatory work partly based on scientific evidence. Scientific evidence is defined according to the ‘Better Regulation’ toolbox [38]

From: Unfolding the science behind policy initiatives targeting plastic pollution

Principles for evidence-informed policya (right) and policy initiatives (down)

Use of scientific evidence to describe problem

Use scientific evidence to understand causality and intervention logic

Use scientific evidence to assess impact

OSPAR & HELCOM Action Plans on Marine Litter

 + 

 ± 

 ± 

EU Directive Amendment on Lightweight Plastic Carrier Bags

 + 

 + 

 + 

EU Strategy for Plastics in a Circular Economy

 + 

-

-

Plastic Waste Amendments to the Basel Convention

 + 

 + 

-

EU Single Use Plastics Directive

 + 

 ± 

 + 

The European Ban on Intentionally Added Microplastics

 + 

 ± 

 + 

  1. aAccording to the European Union’s Communication on ‘Better Regulation’ [29, 30] and ‘Better Regulation’ toolbox [38]